Two-axle auto from 2nd Edition of Edwards-Penney, 7.4-24 100 x'' = -(4000) x + (2000)(2) theta 1000 theta'' = (2000)(2) x - (2000)(36+16) theta The two natural frequencies of oscillation omega1, omega2 are those frequencies which appear in the atoms constructed from the roots of the characteristic equation det(A - r^2 I)=0. The symbols are defined by A = M^{-1} K K = Hooke's matrix == matrix([[-4000,2000*2],[2000*2,-2000*(6^2+4^2)]]); M = mass matrix == matrix([[100,0],[0,1000]]); There are four values for r, because the characteristic equation is a quartic. The values are in complex conjugate pairs. Euler's theorem implies there are 4 atoms, which are base trig atoms, sine and cosine. The frequencies are 6.13, 10.31, approximately. Critical speeds v1, v2 are found by solving the equations omega1 = 2 Pi v1/40 omega2 = 2 Pi v2/40 Maple Answer Check: K:= matrix([[-4000,2000*2],[2000*2,-2000*(6^2+4^2)]]); M:=matrix([[100,0],[0,1000]]); with(linalg): A:=evalm(inverse(M)&*K); solve(det(A-r^2*diag(1,1))=0,r);